den globale oppvarming undervurdert

From: Karsten Johansen (kvjohans@online.no)
Date: Thu Oct 26 2000 - 21:49:05 MET DST

  • Next message: Helge Hasselgreen: "Re: den globale oppvarming undervurdert"

    I sin seneste studie sier FNs klimapanel, at de hittidige anslag over den
    menneskeskapte globale oppvarmingen sannsynligvis er alt for små. Tidligere
    har man sagt opp til 3,5 grader, nå anslås ca. 6 grader - som globalt
    gjennom- snitt! Det vil bety at oppvarmingen på våre breddegrader i løpet av
    hundre år kan løpe opp i 10 grader eller mer. Det sier seg selv at dette
    betyr katastrofe for det meste av jorda.

    Men vi kan regne det som helt sikkert at også dette vil bli bagatellisert,
    fortiet og avvist av det sedvanlige hylekoret av økonomiske interesser og
    pseudovitenskapelige tilhengere av den markedsliberalistiske religion.

    Karsten Johansen

    http://www.cnn.com/2000/NATURE/10/25/global.warming.ap/index.html

    Pollution adding to severe global warming

    October 26, 2000 Web posted at: 9:51 a.m. EDT (1351 GMT)

    WASHINGTON (AP) -- New evidence shows man-made pollution has "contributed
    substantially" to global warming and the earth is likely to get a lot hotter
    than previously predicted, a United Nations-sponsored panel of hundreds of
    scientists finds.

    The conclusions by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the most
    authoritative scientific voice on the issue, is expected to widely influence
    climate debate over the next decade.

    A draft of the report was being distributed to government officials
    worldwide this week.

    It is the first full-scale review and update of the state of climate science
    since 1995 when the same panel concluded there is "a discernible human
    influence" on the earth's climate because of the so-called "greenhouse"
    effect caused by the buildup of heat-trapping chemicals in the atmosphere.

    Today, the panel says in its new assessment that "there is stronger
    evidence" yet on the human influence on climate and that it is likely that
    manmade greenhouse gases already "have contributed substantially to the
    observed warming over the last 50 years."

    And the scientists, in revised estimates, conclude that if greenhouse
    emissions are not curtailed the earth's average surface temperatures could
    be expected to increase from 2.7 to nearly 11 degrees Fahrenheit by the end
    of this century, substantially more than estimated in its report five years
    ago.

    It attributes the increase -- from a range 1.8 to 6.3 degrees Fahrenheit
    warmer in the 1995 assessment -- mainly to a reduced influence now expected
    to be played by sulfate releases from industry and power plants. Such
    releases, which tend to have a cooling influence, will likely dramatically
    decline in industrial countries because of other environmental concerns, the
    scientists maintain.

    "What this report is clearly saying is that global warming is a real problem
    and it is with us and we are gong to have to take this into account in our
    future planning," said Kevin Trenberth, head of climate analysis section at
    the National Center for Atmospheric Research.

    "It definitely reinforces what we were able to say in 1995," added Tom
    Wigley, a climate scientist at the center in Boulder, Colo. "It shows the
    previous projects (in 1990 and 1995) were conservative."

    Wigley, who did not participate in crafting the latest findings, was a key
    author of the 1995 report's section about the human impact on climate.

    Still some doubts

    Others were less certain.

    Michael Schlesinger, a climatologist at the University of Illinois at
    Champaign-Urbana said despite the new information there is still
    insufficient knowledge about natural climate variables such as solar
    radiation that could change the assessment.

    Comparing studies of climate to listening to noise radio transmissions,
    Schlesinger said in an interview:

    "Science has moved closer to the radio transmitter, so the signal is higher
    and more apparent against the background noise. But the background noise has
    not diminished. There are still uncertainties and there may be very large
    surprises ahead."

    The IPCC's third assessment report is expected to get final approval at a
    United Nations conference early next year. While some wording will certainly
    be changed by government policy-makers, the central scientific conclusions
    may not be altered, several scientists who have been involved in the process
    said Wednesday.

    Michael Oppenheimer, an atmospheric physicist at Environmental Defense, said
    the latest assessment "reinforces the mainstream scientific consensus" about
    global warming. Its new estimates of warming poses "a risk of devastating
    consequences within this century."

    Three years ago industrial nations tentatively agreed to curtail the release
    of greenhouse gases -- mainly carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels -- to
    below 1990 levels as a first step to address global warming.

    But none of the major industrial countries has yet ratified the agreement,
    crafted in Kyoto, Japan in 1997. Skeptics argue that the science has yet to
    be conclusive and that computer models used to predict future climate is not
    reliable enough to warrant a dramatic, and possibly very expensive, shift in
    energy use to curtail carbon emissions into the atmosphere.

    The issue also has crept into the presidential campaign. Vice President Al
    Gore has argued the science is clear and steps need to be taken soon to
    begin reducing greenhouse emissions. His Republican rival, Gov. George W.
    Bush, has not dismissed global warming, but urges a cautious approach and
    believes the science still needs to be proven.

    The IPCC panel's summary of a voluminous technical report covering 14
    chapters attempts to provide the most current state of scientific
    understanding of the climate system and potential for future warming.

    While there are still uncertainties, the IPCC scientists say that there is
    an "increasing body of observations" that provide a "collective picture of a
    warming world" that cannot be solely explained by natural forces.

    "Emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue
    to alter the atmosphere in ways that affect the climate system," the report
    says.

    Various findings of the last five years have reinforced the IPPC's 1995
    determination that climate change warrants top-level attention by government
    policy makers.



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